Polyphenols in olive oil change gene expression related to atherosclerosis, hinting at another explanation for the healthy “Mediterranean” diet.

Virgin olive oil and other ingredients of Mediterranean cuisine are associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. However, a biochemical explanation has been lacking. A new study of healthy volunteers suggests that polyphenols may provide an explanation. The research links polyphenols to significant changes in gene expression associated with hardening of the arteries, atherosclerosis. The study provides supporting evidence for diet modification in fighting heart disease, but also offers the possibility of finding novel drug targets associated with these gene expression processes.

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  DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-148452